Montreal is a treasure trove of architectural brilliance, where historic charm meets contemporary innovation. From iconic landmarks to modern masterpieces, the city offers an unparalleled showcase of design excellence. Discover our curated list of must-see architectural destinations, perfect for those with an eye for luxury and refinement.
1. Notre-Dame Basilica of Montreal
Stone cast and placed over 200 years ago. Stained glass panels depicting Montreal’s history since the late 1800s. A 20-ton bronze altarpiece and an organ with over 1,600 pipes built into the chapel. These features only begin to convey the awe-inspiring majesty of the Notre-Dame Basilica, located in Old Montreal and a cornerstone of the city’s cultural heritage. As Montreal’s mother church and the first Gothic Revival-style church in Canada, this historic landmark traces its origins back to the 1600s. The basilica showcases neo-Gothic architecture alongside centuries of historic art and craftsmanship. Extending even to the intricate details of the Perseverance and Temperance bell towers.

Today, Notre-Dame is known as a designated national historic site since 1989. At the same time, the site has been in the midst of repairs and restorations. With over two centuries of wear from harsh Canadian winters, there are still plenty of reasons to take the time to explore the site. Tours take you in and around Notre-Dame Basilica for an in-depth look at the detailed craftsmanship. Artistic installations are also highly recommended, as the AURA Experience at the Basilica offers an immersive light and sound show. “With state-of-the-art projectors and lasers, the interior of the Notre-Dame Basilica is illuminated from floor to ceiling.”
2. Biosphere in Parc Jean-Drapeau
The 1967 World’s Fair, also known as Expo 67, was held in Montreal to celebrate Canada’s centennial and was a 6-month event that attracted thousands of patrons. Today, the site of Expo 67’s pavilion is now home to the Biosphere. An environmental museum signified by a unique 83-meter geodesic dome that alone is worth venturing out to Montreal’s Parc Jean-Drapeau on St. Helen’s Island.

Photo by Guillaume TECHER on Unsplash
Built by visionary architect Buckminster Fuller, the geodesic dome of the Biosphere is composed entirely of triangles in its 8.5-ton structure. According to ArchEyes, Fuller’s use of triangles “achieved what he termed ‘synergetic geometry,’ where the sum of the structure is greater than its individual parts.” And while the result was ultimately the innovative marvel we see today as the Biosphere. The structure further embodies Fuller’s vision of “architecture as a tool for global betterment.” As if to honor that sentiment, today the museum celebrates environmental consciousness and sustainability. Featuring a biodome, insectarium, greenhouses and much more.
3. Habitat 67

Photo by Green Prophet on Unsplash
One of the central themes at Expo 67 was housing which heavily inspired creative minds like Moshe Safdie, the architect behind Habitat 67. As part of Expo 67, Safdie crafted the design Habitat 67, located just outside Old Montreal across the Saint Lawrence River.
The structure was designed to discuss and reflect on the role of architecture in high-density urban environments. Habitat 67 itself is a modular unit at the base, with 354 magnificent modules stacked one on top of another to form 148 residences. Together the formation gives a Modernist take on design both inside and out, from futuristic interiors and suspended terraces, to angular skylights, large esplanades and elevator pillars. While the structure itself currently exists as residential housing for Montreal residents, its status as a National Heritage Building of Canada makes it worth taking a stroll through the Old Montreal neighborhood to see it in person, either via a self or guided tour.
4. Maison Alcan Complex
Fully refurbished since 2023, the Maison Alcan Complex is one of the most important historical sites in Montreal, representing the city’s dedication to preserving its heritage while embracing contemporary design. Each of the five history buildings within the complex were built in the 19th century and contributed to the business prowess and resilience of Quebec. Today, the building represents so much more both in design and business affairs.

Photo courtesy of Wikimedia Commons
The complex has been known to host “world leaders, politicians, businesspeople, media moguls and cultural stalwarts from around the world,” even in its early years before the technology boom of the 21st century. To represent its historic heritage while also looking toward the future, architect Ray Affleck originated the idea of combining historic buildings into one new complex and preserving their historic features. You can see this represented in the beautiful detailing of the exterior traditional architecture, which seamlessly mixes together with modern interiors. This ingenuity rewarded Affleck with the Prix d’excellence in 1984, and the city of Montreal with another historic landmark that not only attracts tourists but businesses and Canadian citizens to its doors.
5. Saint Joseph’s Oratory of Mount Royal
With historic roots that date back to the late 19th century, this imposing basilica atop Mount Royal offers spectacular panoramic views of the city, beautiful at any time of year. The interior and the massive copper dome, one of the largest in the world, are equally breathtaking and continue to improve in today’s modern day.

Photo courtesy of Wikimedia Commons

Starting in 2023 alone the Saint Joseph’s Oratory has begun projects such as the creation of a unique exhibition and presentation space accessed by a spiral walkway inside the dome a complete renovation of the museum to highlight its archive of over 30,000 historic artifacts, and even an observation tower at the dome’s summit to provide a 360-degree view of the city and its surroundings. Everything from the shrine, crypt church to the organs are steeped in Renaissance Revival architectural features. It is undoubtedly one of the most iconic structures to take in during a visit to Montreal.

Photo courtesy of Wikimedia Commons
Let’s Explore Our Honorable Mentions
~ Old Montreal and the Bonsecours Market
The cobblestone streets, historic buildings, and the majestic Neoclassical dome of Bonsecours Market make Old Montreal a must-visit.
~ The Montreal Museum of Fine Arts
With a mix of historic and modern pavilions, this museum is a feast for the eyes.
~ La Grande Bibliothèque
This modern library in the Latin Quarter is both a cultural hub and an architectural statement. Its light-filled spaces and contemporary design are worth exploring.
~ Place Ville Marie
One of Montreal’s most recognizable Modernist skyscrapers, its cross-shaped design is iconic. Head to the observatory for a bird’s-eye view of the city wrapped in fall colors.